Revised Literacies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Changed Literacies - Essay Example Be that as it may, each medium has its own benefits and demrits. Accordingly, my crowd will have a superior comprehension on remix. After I went to the WRA 1004 course, my point of view encounters about composition and perusing have been changed essentially. Prior to going to the class, I had no particular procedures like RAIDS and SWAP for my exposition. I had no clue about what my article will resemble. I don't have an unmistakable game plan or style at the top of the priority list. I just composed as it went. I noticed the downsides of remix media. Furthermore, for perusing, I simply read the article, and may quickly discuss the central matters. In the wake of taking the class, I currently comprehend to think before compose, utilizing RAIDS can without much of a stretch assistance me to express my motivation obviously, and by utilizing SWAP can help center around my subject and my crowd. Surely, I think some cutting edge innovation based medias -, for example, PowerPoint introduction, some other introduction programming, PC make, and so forth other than paper are very successful in passing on thoughts to the intended interest groups. Without a doubt the utilization of PC for composing is blessed with umbrella-comforts. In the event that education implies a man’s capacity to peruse and compose, a PC can be utilized to a media of proficiency which is unquestionably progressively advantageous that compose on a paper. Presently I accept the term â€Å"literacy† doesn't just mean one’s capacity to peruse and compose, yet in addition it implies one’s capacity to utilize any mechanical gadgets too. Daley characterizes proficiency as following: Customarily education has been generally characterized as the capacity to peruse and compose at a satisfactory degree of capability that is essential for correspondence. All the more as of late in any case, education has taken on a few implications. Innovative education, scientific proficiency, and visual proficiency are only a couple of models. (45) It is on the grounds that a PC permits an individual to compose as well as permits the person in question to get to a wide scope of understanding materials. A PC educated individual can access to the huge perusing

Distribution Strategy free essay sample

In promoting, it is difficult to maintain a strategic distance from thought of advertising blend, which includes 4Ps. The 4Ps incorporate: place, advancement, cost and item (Viardot, 2004). This uncovered one of significant commitments of any promoting supervisor. That is, a showcasing supervisor is answerable for defining powerful dissemination procedure (submit) so as to keep the different Ps moving (Distributionstrategy. organization. , 2013). Accordingly, contemplates depicted circulation procedure as critical essential for accomplishment of any business (Chapter 15: Product Distribution, n. d. ). It is an arrangement of activities utilized to move administration/item from the producer to the end shoppers through various methodologies, for example, physical circulation and dispersion channels. For the most part, it attempts to depict where and how clients buy firm’s administration/items. Dissemination methodology centers around different elements, which envelop: area of the firm and target showcase, approaches of arriving at the objective market, warehousing, just as transportation. In this paper, conveyance technique basically examined other than assessing how it utilized in customer showcase. Channel middle people are firms or people, for example, wholesalers, operators, representatives, or retailers who help move an item from the maker to the purchaser or business client. A company’s channel choices straightforwardly influence each other promoting choice. Spot choices, for instance, influence estimating. Advertisers that appropriate items through mass merchandisers, for example, Wal-Mart will have diverse estimating targets and methodologies than will those that offer to claim to fame stores. Dissemination choices can in some cases give an item a particular situation in the market.The selection of retailers and different middle people is unequivocally attached to the item itself. Makers select mass merchandisers to sell center cost ran items while they convey best in class items through very good quality office and strength stores. The firm’s deals power and correspondences choices rely upon how much influence, preparing, inspiration, and bolster its channel accomplices need. Regardless of whether an organization creates or gets certain new items may rely upon how well those items fit the abilities of its channel individuals. A few organizations give too little consideration to their appropriation channels.

Video Lesson Facts, Opinions Reasoned Judgments

Video Lesson Facts, Opinions Reasoned Judgments (8) Length: 1:02 Recognizing the difference between fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment statements is an essential skill, one which is often touched upon and reviewed in school. Students need to be able to distinguish between these three types of statements in order to write persuasive pieces, develop proper theses, communicate and engage in debates, and critically analyze information. If you’re looking for a short video to refresh your students’ thinking on the topic, share Facts, Opinions, and Reasoned Judgments: What’s the Difference with them. In just over a minute, your students will learn: The three different ways information can be presented (facts, opinions, reasoned judgments) Definitions for facts, opinions, and reasoned judgments Examples and explanations for each statement type If your students decide to use facts, opinions, and reasoned judgments from outside sources to back up the claims in their writing and research projects, remind them to make citations! ’s citation generator creates citations in MLA style, APA style, and thousands of other citation styles. In less than a minute, students can responsibly credit other authors’ works. Remind your students of this important step in the research process.

Human Trafficking also Known as Modern Day Slave Trade

Human Trafficking, also referred to as modern-day slave trade, has been defined by the United Nations Palermo Protocol as, â€Å"the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons, by means of threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of abuse of power or of position of vulnerability or of the giving and receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs†¦show more content†¦However, the number of calls referring to potential trafficking situations dropped to 97. The top three categories of trafficking changed to the following; sex trafficking, labor trafficking, and sex and labor traffickin g. The number of calls from Dallas in 2010 was 96(-27/123 = -21.95%) and the number from Houston was 327(37/290 = 12.76%) (â€Å"Texas Polaris Project† 2014). In 2011, the total number of calls made to the NHTRC was 19,427, out of those calls 1,314 were from Texas, this is 247 more than in 2010. Only 84 of those calls could be used in reference to potential situations. In 2011, the types of trafficking went back to the same top three as in 2009. Dallas had 130 calls and Houston had 378 calls (â€Å"Texas Polaris Project† 2014). In 2012 the total number of calls made throughout the United States to NHTRC was 20,652, out of those calls 1,900 were from Texas, which is 586 more than in 2011. In the 2012 report the NHTRC changed the way the monitored the way they calculated the number of calls that could be used to reference to potential situations the numbers are as follows; 140 calls had high reference ability and 235 calls had moderate reference ability. In 2012, Dallas had 252 calls made to the NHTRC. Houston had 547 calls. As measured through reported frequencies of phone calls toShow MoreRelatedSex Trafficking : A Common Issue For A Long Time1394 Words   |  6 Pages Sex trafficking can happen everywhere. People do not even realize when it is happening. Someone could be living their life, just as they normally do, and decided to go to the mall. Sometimes they may not even know that a little kid is going to be kidnapped, and later raped. This is what sex trafficking is. Sex trafficking is commonly defined as when violence, drugs, lies, or any other form of coercion is used to force another person to have sex against their will. (Sex Trafficking in the U.S, 1)Read MoreThe Global Impact Of Human Trafficking1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe Global impact of Human Trafficking Human trafficking is a global issue that receives very little attention throughout the modern world; this issue effects every country on the global and all different types of cultures. Hillary Clinton said in 2009 â€Å"Trafficking thrives in the shadows, and it can be easy to dismiss it as something that happens to someone else, in somewhere else, but that is not the case. Trafficking is a crime that involves every nation on earth, and that includes our own.† (BehnkeRead MoreEssay about Sex Trafficking: How Can We Make It Stop?1158 Words   |  5 PagesSex Trafficking: How Can We Make It Stop? Introduction Sex trafficking is a problem that is happening and occurring all over the world. Many families and individuals suffer due to sex trafficking. Many people are not even aware of what it really is. Sex trafficking is when young girls, as young as five or six, get kidnapped and are used for the sexual pleasure of others with a profit, or are sold as sex slaves to other people. The official definition is, â€Å"Human sex trafficking is a form of slaveryRead MoreModern Day Slavery Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesMason Moran Mrs. Davis Government Period 9 February 14, 2013 Research Project: Human Trafficking â€Å"Modern Day Slavery† â€Å"SLAVERY was abolished 150 years ago, right? While it is true that slavery is illegal almost everywhere on earth, the fact is there are more slaves today than there ever were†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Despite the grim reality described in this quote, I believe Robert Alan successfully undermines a common misconception held by Americans, both young and old. Although we are brought up thinking thatRead MoreHow Slavery Has Changed Today s Modern Society1324 Words   |  6 PagesHow do you define slavery in today’s modern society? The word slavery sparks up heated conversations. The idea that all humans were born with their own rights, no matter what race or class they were in, was not prevalent during the early developmental stages of America. There has always been slaves throughout the history of man, dating all the way back to the 1600’s until today’s day in age when it is no longer legal but still seems to prevail. There are still cases in which slavery still existRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is Considered Modern Day Slavery1217 Words   |  5 PagesHuman trafficking is defined as any type of work which people are forced to do against their will under the threat of some form of punishment and it is an affront to the most basic of human freedoms. In the Trafficking protocol (†¦.) human trafficking is defined as â€Å" the recruitment, transport, transfer, harboring or receipt of a person by such means as threats or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud or deception for the purpose of exploitation†. Almost all slavery practicesRead MoreThe Causation Of The Modern Slave Trade1646 Words   |  7 Pagesendless reasons that human trafficking exists in modern times. These reasons are not black and white, and have a multitude of contributing factors, cause and effect, and influences. The causation of the modern slave trade is outlined in chapters three, four, and five of the text: Human Trafficking: Interd isciplinary Perspectives, written by Mary C. Burke. Chapter three, titled, â€Å"Sociological Perspective: Underlying Causes† relates sociology to the concept of human trafficking to better understandRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Global Issue1280 Words   |  6 PagesThe African Slave Trade began long ago in the 15th Century, after the Portuguese started exploring the coast of West Africa. It is now six centuries later and we as a human race still cannot say that slavery has ended. Since the onset of African slave trading, trafficking of women and children has since developed and atrociously branched into the trafficking of human organs as well as sex. It wasn t until several hundreds of years later that the Emancipation Proclamation would be created and signedRead MoreHow Much Would You Sell For?1131 Words   |  5 Pagesand Crime (UNODC), Trafficking in Persons is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring, or receipt of persons, by means of the t hreat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. The most common forms of human exploitation are sexualRead MoreTaking a Look at Human Trafficking842 Words   |  3 PagesNo nation is immune from human trafficking. Even the most powerful nations are not immune from modern day slavery.The main contributors to human trafficking are governmental corruption, economic and social crisis within each nations borders.Globalization is the development of an increasingly integration marked especially by free trade that transcends nation-state boundaries. Human trafficking represents a highly and interconnected world because as the world evolves and people become more connected

Personal Leadership Leadership And Its Challenges And...

This paper covers personal leadership by describing a personal leadership philosophy. This is explored by presenting a squadron commander’s biggest leadership challenge. Additionally, an analysis of the leadership challenge is evaluated in context with the author’s leadership philosophy. In accomplishing these elements, this paper will provide a learning opportunity and insight into leadership and its challenges and opportunities. PERSONAL STYLE When confronted by a Group Commander about my leadership philosophy, I would say a triple bottom line approach of social, economic, and environment in order to accomplish organizational sustainability. I correlate the social bottom line to taking care of people. My approach to this is following the golden rule. I associate the economic bottom line with the mission. Essentially the military â€Å"makes money† based on mission accomplishment, and focus on other bottom lines is meaningless without success in the mission. Finally, I link the environment bottom line to the culture that is built in an organization. For me this includes areas such as innovative thinking, diversity, equality, and a setting a mentality of success. I arrived at this philosophy based on military experience and education. Specifically, as I pursued my Master’s Degree, sustainability in business and the principle of the triple bottom peaked my interest. Triple bottom line decision-making is described as the process by which social, environmental, andShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Leadership Philosophy, Leadership, And Ownership857 Words   |  4 Pages1. My personal leadership philosophy is â€Å"Leadership through personal example and ownership†. Throughout my career I have served with several leaders that inspired me and solidified this philosophy in me. LCDR Fritz Kuebler was one of those mentors and continues to be a source of inspiration. He could always be looked to for how to handle difficult situations. When faced with adversity or a leadership challenge he could be seen taking a few brief moments to internally analyze and then issue a decisionRead MoreChallenges Of Being A Leader . Being A Leader Can Come1 282 Words   |  6 PagesChallenges of Being a Leader Being a leader can come with significant challenges. In a leadership position, there will always be challenges that will test your abilities and get you to rise to another level. The way a leader deals with the challenges of the position can ultimately be beneficial. Challenges of leadership can be sorted into three separate categories: external challenges, internal challenges, and challenges that arise from the nature of leadership itself. What is a Leader? What isRead MorePersonal Leadership Through Personal Example And Ownership889 Words   |  4 PagesMy personal leadership philosophy is â€Å"Leadership through personal example and ownership†. Throughout my career, I have served with several leaders that inspired me and solidified this philosophy in me. CDR Fritz Kuebler was one of those mentors and continues to be a source of inspiration. He could always be looked to for how to handle difficult situations. When faced with adversity or a leadership challenge he could be seen taking a few brief moments to internally analyze and then issue a decisionRead MoreEssay on Homework1188 Words   |  5 PagesKouzes  is the Deans Executive Fellow of Leadership, Leavey School of Business at Santa Clara University. Mr. Kouzes is also a bestselling author, an award-winning speaker and, according to the Wall Street Journal, â€Å"one of the twelve best executive educators in the United States†.   Mr. Kouzes is a global speaker on leadership focusing lectures on corporations, governments, and nonprofits. 2. Who is Barry Z. Posner? Barry Z. Posner is Accolti Professor of Leadership at the Leavey School of BusinessRead MoreEssay on Effective Team Leadership1535 Words   |  7 PagesEffective Team Leadership The area of team leadership attracts a lot of attention in the modern world because of the need to assemble and deploy diverse teams for the completion of projects. The future of many corporations relies more and more on the kind of team leadership they have for their projects. This paper explores a number of facets that constitute effective team leadership. There are certain essential elements that constitute the definition of leadership. It may refer to the totalityRead MoreThe Fifth And Final Leadership Challenge833 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Challenge Five Summary The fifth and final leadership challenge is an inspirational message to readers who learn how to Encourage the Heart of their followers. Kouzes Posner (2012) explain that, to further develop a highly effective team, leaders must â€Å"recognize contributions by showing appreciation for individual excellence, and celebrate the values and victories by creating a spirit of community† (p. 272). The importance of a highly motivated team who feels appreciated should notRead MoreOrganizational Challenges At Ch2m Hill1505 Words   |  7 PagesCH2M Organizational Challenges This week’s critical thinking assignment is about organizational challenges at CH2M Hill. The case study, â€Å"CH2M Hill: Reinventing Organizational Careers† (Newman, 2013) reviews the challenges the company faced due to acquisition growth, high voluntary employee turnover, and the lack of employee training or internal candidates to staff key leadership positions. CH2M’s Chief Learning Officer, Jan Walstrom, tackled these issues over a course of eighteen months,Read MoreReflection Of A Faith Based Organization1346 Words   |  6 Pagespositive leaders in the faith-based community who has been servicing in this community for over a decade and has worked with multiple divisions throughout it. Each leader were asked the same series of questions which are focusing on the challenges and opportunities of providing faith-based human services to the community. The first question that was asked during the interviews was focusing on financial issues within a faith-based organization. Both leaders were asked what they would consider to beRead MoreEntrepreneurial Leadership1102 Words   |  5 PagesEntrepreneurial Leadership Abstract Entrepreneurial leadership helps develop and sustain elements of the organizational culture. Bergstrom (2004) interpreted that entrepreneurial leadership has three dimensions: 1) take more risk; 2) favor change to obtain the advantage; and 3) compete aggressively. We will discuss the common elements of different theories and philosophies as it relates to the new definition of entrepreneurial leadership. I will discuss my leadership style that I aspire toRead MoreLao Tzu Leadership Influences1069 Words   |  5 Pagesposition of trust. Based on my interpretation of Lao Tzu’s quote, my definition of leadership is to have others follow by choice not by mere power. A person cannot rule by force given to them by rank and expect subordinates to follow blindly. They must demonstrate leading by example and be a role model for others to admire. Leadership Influences As I reflect back, I have observed my definition of leadership in my mentors and supervisors. A short list of the mentors I revered include: CWO4 Kenneth

Pit and the Pendulum Journal Free Essays

Poe makes this short story really good with two different styles, he uses a varied sense of time In this story, and he also uses the first person narration to Improve upon the thrill and suspense of this short story. This varied sense of time gives mystery to the story, as neither we, the audience, nor the narrator seem to know exactly how much time passes each time the narrator goes unconscious, and It appeared to me that a very long interval of time had since elapsed. Poe 2). We will write a custom essay sample on Pit and the Pendulum Journal or any similar topic only for you Order Now This quote shows that the narrator has a slight sense of time, but since he has no watch, he cannot accurately perceive the time elapsed with each time he goes unconscious, he only uses the fact that his surroundings change after he wakes up. The first person narration also adds to the quality of this story as it gives mystery, perspective, and it even lets us predict to some extent. The mystery is in that we only know what the narrator knows, so we are somewhat as clueless to what is occurring as he is. The perspective Is good because we are given all of his thoughts and this gives us reasoning to his actions, without such reasoning the story would be much more difficult to understand. The first person narration also gives us a sense of what Is going to happen, â€Å"They appeared to me white – whiter than the sheet upon which I trace these words. † (1). This tells us that the narrator survives through the story because he is writing the story for us on paper, therefore he could not have died in this torture chamber. How to cite Pit and the Pendulum Journal, Papers

Distribution Of Questionnaires Respondents â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Distribution Of Questionnaires Respondents? Answer: Introducation The topic includes the collection of quantitative data that has been collected with the distribution of survey questionnaires to the respondents. The primary data has been collected from the responses of managers and respondents who have been taken as samples during the research process in a quantitative way. The secondary data sources were mainly from the various journals, articles, documents and Internet websites where relevant data and information had been found related to the research topic (Blumberg, Cooper Schindler, 2014). Primary data The research methodology used the quantitative data, which had been collected based on the responses and opinions of the customers on the survey questionnaires that were provided to them. The customers within the Chinese luxury fashion sector have been asked several questions relevant to the research topic and they filled the questionnaires submitted to them. The quantitative data on the other hand has been gathered from the responses of the customers who have been considered as research samples (Brinkmann, 2014). The respondents have been selected at first and then they have been provided with survey questionnaires where they provided their opinions and responses. The quantitative data is a major part of the primary data. Secondary data The secondary data has been collected from various journals, articles, internet web sites that were found relevant to the research topic concerned with the impact of brand image, valueandperception of the loyalty of customers. Few of the keywords that have been searched while collecting secondary data during the research are Chinese luxury fashion sector, brand image, value of a brand, perception of customers, etc (Caniato et al., 2014). Adopted data source Based on the positivism research philosophy and deductive approach of research, the research is primary and so quantitative data have been gathered from the customers present within the Chinese luxury fashion sector. The research supports various surveys and information systems to obtain data related to the research and the existing studies have been reviewed as well for gaining an in-depth analysis of the sampling strategy and other components of data in an effective way (Choi Chiu, 2012). The primary data sources that have been adopted include the major informants of the case study while the secondary data sources were the review articles where the reviews and opinions of respondents were present, technical documents, annual reports of the organisations that are needed for conducting the interviews. The secondary data sources are useful for cross-checking the important data and information, identify the major events and the causes, obtain technical details as well s determine the major organizational players and their roles. Therefore, these are the major sources of data that have been adopted while conducting the research efficiently (Flick, 2015). Data collection approaches There are various ways or approaches of collecting data and information during the research. The approaches of collecting data are effective for both primary and secondary data collection. The most important data collection approaches followed here are semi-structured interviews, observing the participants, group discussions, secondary data analysis and distribution of survey questionnaires. The interviews were conducted with the managers of the organisation to collect primary qualitative data and the questions have been conceptual rather than being representativeness (Glesne, 2015). Quantitative The quantitative data was gathered by involving the participants of the research and were provided survey questionnaires to them, which would be filled by them. The research questionnaires would contain various questions related to the research topic and its components like brand image, brand value and perception of customers. Group discussions should also be there for gathering their responses and opinions and discuss about certain matters about how brand image, value and perception of customers could be beneficial for creating a positive impact on the loyalty of customers within the luxury fashion sector of China (Leary, 2016). To collect qualitative data, interviews were arranged based on the non-probability convenient sampling technique for allowing the managers to take part in the data collection procedure according to their convenient time. During the interviews, the managers of the organizations were asked certain questions that had been relevant to the research topic and also with the purpose of fulfilling the outcomes and requirements of the research. The managers were asked questions that were conceptual rather than being representative (Liu et al., 2013). The qualitative data has been collected with the involvement of interviewees who have knowledge about the topic and have experiences in management and issues related to the organisations. Adopted data collection approach The most suitable approaches to collect data have been the semi-structured interviews conducted with the managers of the organisations and the distribution of survey questionnaires to the respondents who have been selected as samples. The group discussion approach has been considered as effective too for collecting data with ease and effectiveness (Miller et al., 2012). Research design There are three different types of research designs including the exploratory, explanatory and descriptive research designs. The exploratory research helps in managing the research based on the hypothetical or theoretical data. The researcher can easily understand the observations made and gain proper understanding to create a ground work for doing the research in the future as well. It can also be beneficial for researching the existing theories and concepts and furthermore create an initial ground work for conducting the research in the future with ease and efficiency (Neuman Robson, 2014). The explanatory research on the other hand helps in exploring the new concepts of the research to enhance the knowledge and other aspects during the research conduction. It is sued to connect ideas and determine the cause and effect of research, furthermore focus on determining the ways things interact and predict the outcomes that may be generate din the future. The descriptive research design is the most suitable design of research because it explores the new found information and data in much more details as well as fill up the gaps for expanding the understanding of the research. The additional information collected can also help in making assumptions and elaborate the models to predict the future outcomes and determine the actual causes rather than demonstrating why it happened (Panneerselvam, 2014). Questionnaire design The questionnaires are designed by making the questions conceptual and not representative, so that it can be easily understood by the participants. The research survey questionnaires must be able to fulfill the objectives of the research and ensure that the research bring good outcomes all throughout. The questions present should be target based consisting of definite options so that those could be easily responded to by the respondents. The target questions should be according to the problems defined along with the chosen hypothesis and objectives that are needed to be achieved during the research (Silverman, 2016). The respondents should be knowledgeable about the research topic and have ideas behind the questions and authority of the subject matter. Pilot testing The pilot testing enables to select a sample size of the populationand then conduct the research process to determine the use friendliness and reliability of the survey questionnaires that have been developed. The pilot testing enables to select the sample size based on the normal practices and literature that has been provided. The various respondents who participated in the pilot testing provided their answers regarding their convenience and ease of understanding the questions present in the survey questionnaires. Few changes were made as well if the questions are found not relevant to the research or had been difficult to understand b the participants. Focus groups are considered as effective for the pilot testing which can not only identify the problem of the research but will also allow the researcher to go ahead with the final finished questionnaire(Smith, 2015). The pilot testing would be further useful for administering the survey questionnaire based on the sample size chosen . Data analysis methods The analysis of data is done with the use of SPSS tool and MS excel software tools to present the data and information in graphical and table formats, so that the researcher can understand those with ease. The data analysis can help in determine the accuracy of data and information and furthermore determine the conclusion based on the research outcomes (Snyder, 2012). Coding The coding is an effective process which has been sued here for managing the analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data. The coding is useful for analyzing the quantitative results from the questionnaire and qualitative data derived from the interview transcripts for facilitating the process of analysis. The coding helps in transforming the data into a particular form that can be understood by the computer system to present the research outcomes conveniently (Taylor, BogdanDeVault, 2015). Statistics The statistics are managed for collecting the data, analyse those and finally make a reference from the data. The statistical data methods also help inccommunicating the research findings and support the hypothesis to provide credibility to the methods of the research and derive good conclusion in the end (Best Kahn, 2016). Sampling There are two different kinds of sampling methods including the probability and non-probability sampling methods. The sampling is mainly done to ensure that a group of individuals is selected among the huge population who can provide their responses and opinions related to the questions asked regarding the research topic. The probability sampling techniques include random sampling where specific groups of people are selected randomly whereas the non-probability sampling method includes the purposive and convenient sampling for obtaining quantitative and qualitative data respectively (Brinkmann, 2014). The concept of sampling The random sampling and purposive sampling methods helped in collecting the data from the quantitative samples, i.e., the customers and other individuals who had been involved in the research process. The non-probability convenient sampling method helped in providing a suitable time for the managers to take part in the interview process to deliver their useful opinions and feedbacks regarding the research (Caniato et al., 2014). Sampling of this study Based on the analysis of data, it could be understood that 300 respondents had been considered as quantitative samples while 50 managers of the organizations were considered as qualitative samples during the research conduction. Thus the sample size chosen here had been 300 for quantitative samples and 50 for qualitative samples (Flick, 2015). The reliability of research means how much the research is valid and appropriate in terms of quality and outcomes derived. The reliability of research had helped in making an assessment of the quality of the measurement procedures that had been utilized for collecting data during the research. The procedures of measurement were appropriate, due to which the results obtained had been valid and appropriate as well (Glesne, 2015). Validity The validity of the research showed that whether the data and information used in the research had been accurate or not to derive positive outcomes. The validity of the research showed that the research had been sound and appropriate and all the designs, methods and research approaches were correct. The data collection procedures were also valid because the findings represented the actual phenomenon that were claimed by the researcher to measure prior to the research conduction (Leary, 2016). Limitations Few limitations faced during the research are language barriers and lack of time to conduct the research properly. Due to language barriers, the questionnaires were difficult to understand for certain individuals and even they managed to skip few of the questions that were present in the survey questionnaires provided to them. The time was less as well, though the research had been competed within the allocated time frame. Still, come additional time would have been beneficial for conducting the research in much more details and explore the areas that had been left uncovered previously while conducting the research effectively (Miller et al., 2012). References Best, J. W., Kahn, J. V. (2016).Research in education.Pearson Education India. Blumberg, B. F., Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S. (2014).Business research methods.McGraw-hill education. Brinkmann, S. (2014). Interview. InEncyclopedia of Critical Psychology(pp. 1008-1010).Springer New York. Caniato, F., Caridi, M., Moretto, A., Sianesi, A., Spina, G. (2014). Integrating international fashion retail into new product development.International Journal of Production Economics,147, 294-306. Choi, T. M., Chiu, C. H. (2012). Mean-downside-risk and mean-variance newsvendor models: Implications for sustainable fashion retailing.International Journal of Production Economics,135(2), 552-560. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Glesne, C. (2015).Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. Pearson. Leary, M. R. (2016).Introduction to behavioral research methods. Pearson. Liu, N., Ren, S., Choi, T. M., Hui, C. L., Ng, S. F. (2013). Sales forecasting for fashion retailing service industry: a review.Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2013. Miller, T., Birch, M., Mauthner, M., Jessop, J. (Eds.). (2012).Ethics in qualitative research. Sage. Neuman, W. L., Robson, K. (2014).Basics of social research. Pearson Canada. Panneerselvam, R. (2014).Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Silverman, D. (Ed.). (2016).Qualitative research. Sage. Smith, J. A. (Ed.). (2015).Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Snyder, C. (2012). A case study of a case study: Analysis of a robust qualitative research methodology.The Qualitative Report,17(13), 1. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015).Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons.

Why Convicted Felons Should Not Be Allowed to Vote free essay sample

This essay discusses my reflection on whether or not felons should have the right to vote. A felon is defined as a person who has been convicted of a felony, which is a crime punishable by death or a term in state or federal prison. A felony is a serious crime usually punishable by imprisonment or death. Convicted felons should not be allowed to vote. Many Americans were not allowed to vote these past elections. It wasn’t because they didn’t pay taxes or were mentally incompetent or underage. The reason why they can’t vote is because they are convicted felons. Once someone has committed a serious crime or felony, they have shown that they are not trustworthy enough to vote. Because they disobeyed the law, they should not have the obligation to vote. If one is sent to prison, they have agreed that most of their rights have been taken. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Convicted Felons Should Not Be Allowed to Vote or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Prison is meant to be a punishment and one of their punishments is their loss of freedom and democratic rights for their time of their sentence. Convicted felons have also demonstrated poor judgment and should not be trusted with a vote. The main point of a prison sentence to show the offender and society that criminal behavior results in loss of freedom and most of the rights that freedom has to offer. Therefore felons should not be allowed to vote. Although some people believe that felons should be allowed to vote at any circumstance but I believe that if they are felons they have already lost that opportunity because they have decided to make the choice to participate in criminal activities. If the felon is not willing to follow the law himself, then they should not demand the right to vote. In California, felons serving time in prison or county jail are denied their right to vote. According to The Sentencing Project, 5. 3 million Americans were unable to vote in 2008 due to a felony conviction. Unfortunately, statistics show that this number is expected to rise to 6 million. Convicted felons are in prison for a reason, they committed a crime that was of a serious nature, whether it be robbing a bank, killing someone, etc. We do not need these type of people to help make decisions to choose the nations leaders. They obviously could not make a decision governing their own lives, we should definitely not allow them to make those kind of decisions for the rest of us. I believe voting is not just a right but a responsibility. Although, people against the opportunities of felons, have made some good points, there is not enough evidence to hold up the argument that it is wrong to take away the right to vote from felons. The act of taking away the right to vote from felons and ex-felons is called Disenfranchisement. People that are in favor of disenfranchisement believe that those convicted of a crime have shown poor judgment therefore, proves them unfit to make good decisions when it comes to elections. Some believe that felon disenfranchisement laws also have a big racial impact because certain percent of population have their right to vote taken away more than others. It seems like a good point but voting requires certain minimum standards of and trustworthiness. Those who have committed serious crimes against their fellow citizens do not meet the standards of voting.

Free Essays on Discuss The Theme Of Love In “Twelfth Night”

The play â€Å"Twelfth Night† is presented as a light-hearted romantic comedy, this may relate to the fact that Shakespeare wrote it to be performed on Christmas day. The indication is that there is something for everyone, drama, love, suspense and humour. This may also lead to the play’s second title, â€Å"What You Will† meaning that this is a play for all to enjoy. Although the actual plot for â€Å"Twelfth Night† is not the most original of Shakespeare’s ideas, the classic poetry and memorable characters makes it one of his most successful pieces to date. The exploration of love and romance are at the heart of this play. Almost every type of love is expressed, Sibling relationships, Genuine love, Self-love leading to complete blind love. Love is also closely associated with madness and the characters seem to go to ultimate extremes to obtain the love they desire. At the core of the play, is the love triangle between Olivia, Viola and Orsino adding suspense, comedy and drama. The first character introduced into the play is Duke Orsino. Many productions of the play will have melancholy music being played to add a dismal, dreary opening effect to the scene as Orsino’s mind drifts on the thoughts of love. He claims to want excess of love, ’If music be the food of love, play on.’ This indicating that he is love-sick, a man in pain. Personal pronouns are often stressed to show Orsino’s love for himself. ‘That instant was I turned into a hart, and My desires, like fell and cruel hounds, E’er since pursue Me.’ It seems as though Orsino, rather than actually being in love with Olivia is in love with the thought of loving. ‘The appetite may sicken, and so die.’ Although he says that he is in pain from this rejected love, he enjoys the self-pity and therefore wants it to carry on. Orsino talks intensely about his love for Olivia, ‘O, when mine eyes did see Olivia first, m... Free Essays on Discuss The Theme Of Love In â€Å"Twelfth Night† Free Essays on Discuss The Theme Of Love In â€Å"Twelfth Night† The play â€Å"Twelfth Night† is presented as a light-hearted romantic comedy, this may relate to the fact that Shakespeare wrote it to be performed on Christmas day. The indication is that there is something for everyone, drama, love, suspense and humour. This may also lead to the play’s second title, â€Å"What You Will† meaning that this is a play for all to enjoy. Although the actual plot for â€Å"Twelfth Night† is not the most original of Shakespeare’s ideas, the classic poetry and memorable characters makes it one of his most successful pieces to date. The exploration of love and romance are at the heart of this play. Almost every type of love is expressed, Sibling relationships, Genuine love, Self-love leading to complete blind love. Love is also closely associated with madness and the characters seem to go to ultimate extremes to obtain the love they desire. At the core of the play, is the love triangle between Olivia, Viola and Orsino adding suspense, comedy and drama. The first character introduced into the play is Duke Orsino. Many productions of the play will have melancholy music being played to add a dismal, dreary opening effect to the scene as Orsino’s mind drifts on the thoughts of love. He claims to want excess of love, ’If music be the food of love, play on.’ This indicating that he is love-sick, a man in pain. Personal pronouns are often stressed to show Orsino’s love for himself. ‘That instant was I turned into a hart, and My desires, like fell and cruel hounds, E’er since pursue Me.’ It seems as though Orsino, rather than actually being in love with Olivia is in love with the thought of loving. ‘The appetite may sicken, and so die.’ Although he says that he is in pain from this rejected love, he enjoys the self-pity and therefore wants it to carry on. Orsino talks intensely about his love for Olivia, ‘O, when mine eyes did see Olivia first, m...

The Labor Supply and China Economics Term Paper

The Labor Supply and China Economics - Term Paper Example This paper will discuss labor supply in China. It will highlight the concept of wages and employment in the Chinese economy and the outcomes of human resource development. Discussion Wages and Employment in the Chinese Economy The economic transitions that China has experienced in recent years are characterized by the adjustment of wage and employment by private enterprises in order to maximize profits. The government controls the wages and employment of the enterprises that are owned by the state. This is in an attempt to improve the quality of the income for the workers and to curb inflation. The government achieves this through setting a wage ceiling for each enterprise. The wages of the enterprises that are better performing are regulated strictly (Chow 53). Despite the strict regulation of the wages and employment for these enterprises in China, the firms have some influence on the wage and employment. The determination of wage and employment is like a bargaining process with th e social security and labor bureau playing a huge role. In the process, the government aims to lower wage and higher employment while the enterprises aim at reaching huge profits (Chow 53). Collective Bargaining and Its Effects on the Wages and Employment Collective bargaining has been used in many economies as a means of regulating wages and employment conditions. This instrument has been used in China to address the issue of decreasing labor supply, which needs immediate attention. It has become the most important source of strategies for the regulation of conditions relating to wages and employment in countries such as China. The coverage of the bargaining agreements is very high in China with the public sector witnessing the coverage of all the wage earners in all jobs. The private sector has a lower coverage of the collective agreements with this coverage varying significantly between various branches and employee categories. The corrective bargaining agreements contain compreh ensive regulations for the relationship of the employment with the inclusion of aspects that are regulated in other countries through the constitution or various statutes. Trade unions are of great importance in the achievement of the collective bargaining agreements as their importance is not limited to the establishment of conditions in the employment and wage sectors but they are also important in application and supervision of law in the firms. Employees are unlikely to realize their contractual rights in the absence of support from the trade unions (Li and Zax 3). In China, the collective bargaining agreements became the main form of regulation for wages and employment in the 20th century with the first agreements offering price lists for various kinds of work. These agreements became more comprehensive later as they encompassed rules that not only included time but also work rules, work time, freedom of association and peace obligations. The collective bargaining agreements we re at first concluded at the local basis, which covered limited enterprises. During this period, the collective bargaining concept had not been integrated into China’s legal system. Henceforth, individuals were not aware of the legal status and effects of such agreements (Ni, Wang and Yao 19). Macroeconomic Outcomes of Human Resource Development

PERSONAL PERSPCETIVE( REFLECT ) OF MANAGING CHANGE Essay

PERSONAL PERSPCETIVE( REFLECT ) OF MANAGING CHANGE - Essay Example Introduction Change occurs from time to time and change is the nature of things. Nothing in this world is constant or unchangeable. Would we like our own house for instance, if for years we had the same furniture, the same upholstery, the same colors? We like to make things different and we also know that any change around the house makes us feel better. The mind wants change but when the mind is not prepared for the change, it resists change. However, if we are informed of the change in advance we become mentally prepared for it and then we are not disturbed. This implies that change causes resistance when change is not accompanied or preceded by effective communication. Change is also a part of the life cycle of any product. When we speak of different stages in the life cycle of an organization or a product or service, change is implied. Abrahamson (2004) believes that without pain no change is possible and justifies that either one must change or perish. Why, then is change in the corporate world a topic for discussions, for theory formation and framework building? Focusing on the personal perception of change management this paper analyzes the factors that influence change as has been seen during the semester projects. The change management process studied during the semester will be reviewed along with the skills necessary for change. Change can occur in an organization for varied reasons ranging from change in the stage of the life cycle, to change during mergers and acquisitions, during downsizing, restructuring and during expansion and growth (Stanleigh, 2008). Change, in fact, is essential for progress as the human mind always seeks something new, something different, something exciting. However, I never realized that change could require so much planning to be effective. Having spent hours on the topic and having read about how changes have been implemented within different organizations, I realize that change has to be effectively managed. When I com pare it with an individual’s life, I find change in our life has to be equally well managed. Change cannot be a hap hazard process. This paper will reflect on the change management process adopted by Apple and McDonald's and what planning went behind the change. Critical Review We were first analyzed the organizational change undertaken by Apple. The drivers of change at Apple were competition, finances and open unidentified markets. These were arrived at through SWOT analysis and Five Forces Model which helped to understand the initiative for change undertaken by Apple. However, it appears that Apple’s focus was on enhancing profits as the employees as well as the customers were confused with so many models available at the same time in the market. They did not have a customer-centric approach which is essential for any new product launch. They did not try to understand customer needs and communication was lacking at Apple. Communication and information must precede c hange. This sounds so simple to implement but what I have learnt through reading and find it extremely interesting, is that communication is not a simple term that encompasses the quality or the ability to talk. It does not merely mean to inform or speak; it also means to listen. Having the strength and courage to listen to subordinates in an organization enhances communications (Pfeffer & Sutton, 1999). Thus, listening is also a part of communication. The

The Transatlantic Tunnel Of Transport Systems Information Technology Essay

The Transatlantic Tunnel Of Transport Systems Information Technology Essay For quite some time since the Industrial Revolution, sustainable transport has almost been synonymous with train form of transport. Several modifications have taken place on the first steam engine design to more energy and speed efficient models. With advancement in technology in this information and technology age, even more fascinating models are likely to be designed to keep up with the pace of lifestyle change. Critical limitations that hinder train transport systems will be addressed such as the geographical intricacies [1]. The Transatlantic Tunnel proposal dares to defy the ocean waters and the huge distance from America to Europe by bringing these two world business centers closer via a train. Top speed underwater tunnel across the Atlantic Ocean could be nearer to reality than many people would have thought. Engineering designers initially estimated that by the turn of the 21st Century, trains moving at around 5000 miles per hour could make the journey from America to Europe in less than an hour. Even though this future engineering project seems interesting, several issues need to be taken into consideration like the design that will pass the test of time across the treacherous ocean to the huge funding demand. Regardless of the factors standing in the way of the project, it remains a brilliant engineering project of this age. On the other hand, resilience could be propelled by the invaluable benefits that the project is likely to present to the world such that the project sees the light of the century. According to the documentary video Extreme Engineering, the possibility of this unbelievable project is not out of reach of reality amid modern technology. Challenged by t he success of the English Channel linking England with France, such ideas of completing the project cannot be unimaginable in this technological age. These are among the issues that this study explores, in an attempt to unravel this massive project. 1.2 The Main Text 1.2.1 Background Information. Nowadays, improvement of transport takes on a commercial perspective. Business had to be facilitated across nations in an efficient manner before using finer railway networks. In a more advanced version of the same networking, railway transport will now be explored for possibilities of connecting continents that are hundreds of miles apart. Building on past experience of connecting countries separated by seas and oceans, it is increasingly becoming a debate topic in engineering scenes on how continents can be linked by train for efficient transport. Similar ideas were illustrated in art and plays to demonstrate the relevance of the creation of such work [2]. 1.2.2 History and Theory. Jules Verne is the first visionary to suggest the Transatlantic Tunnel idea in 1895. The initial design could probably have been prompted by Vernes long and unpleasant sailing experiences [3]. Since there are several art works that used a fictional model of the Transatlantic Tunnel, its actualization was not taken seriously until real engineering work was brought on board. Suggestions have been made on several areas where the train and the tunnel system would need to overcome the most pressing missing links. Theories and ideas of a tunnel linking the said continents have been persistent and the best postulations were demonstrated in a film by the name Transatlantic Tunnel which was made in 1935 [4]. In the movie, a problematic development of the project featured an illustration of the difficulties that the project faces at the current stage. Most of the early positions held on the same topic were based on a fictional tunnel that was operational, perhaps to illustrate the applicability of the project. An earlier version of the same proposal had been developed and captured in the year 1933, in the German movie Der Tunnel [5]. By 1945, trains that used the vacuum principle to achieve speeds of over 1000 meters per hour were already in place, thanks to pioneers of real engineering studies. One of the major engineering pioneers of such designs was Robert Goddad who devoted much of his energy to similar engineering research. Three decades later, engineering articles that widely advocated for adoption of the technology were circulating. Vacuum train attention changed in the 80s after discovery of the Japanese Maglev research [6]. Transatlantic Tunnel theory bases its postulates on the past engineering works where transport lines have been suspended in water. According to the Discovery Channel, the English Channel links England to France in an almost similar way that popular transatlantic models envision [7]. Current top speed train formats are designed on magnetism and vacuum principles to enhance efficiency in terms of speed and resistance. Such trains models came into existence in the year 2004 when Shanghai. Famous progress towards the realization of the project was made through the contribution made by Frak Davidson, who carried out similar research on the applicability of such a project. Assisted by another prominent engineering designer by the name Earnst Frankel, Davidson had made some of the most promising contributions to the project. In his earlier engineering projects, Davidson had participated in the study operations of a fact-finding group of the possibility of setting up a tunnel underneath the English Channel; the English Channel Tunnel. The school of thought that has been propagated for a possible Transatlantic Tunnel design mainly relies on the work of Davidson. He proposed a system that would apply a suspended tunnel that is about 300 feet into the ocean. Another postulate of his design is the anchorage in deep sea where tethering is used to connect the tunnel to the anchor. Besides, he had also postulated that a vacuum would be necessary in his design, to facilitate top speed for the train. Finally, he also envisioned a magnetic train system being introduced into the same system for stability and speed enhancement [8]. 1.2.3 Design Approach Vacuum trains have been used in many high speed models that have been able to achieve extraordinary efficiency. To achieve the fastest speed that suits the model of train inside the tube-like tunnel, evacuation of the air that is inside the tube is usually necessary. This leads to the creation of an air free column which is capable of achieving speed similar to that achieved by a falling object in air. Bearing in mind that the project traverses across the entire Atlantic Ocean, time would be a significant aspect for any useful and efficient transport system. The best solutions so far generated by the engineering fraternity have largely relied on the vacuum train model which delivers results for top speed [9]. Magnetic Levitation system of transportation that uses magnetic force to propel locomotives has also been added into the design. Also referred to as maglev trains, the trains so propelled using magnetic field rely on three important components namely; source of electric energy, metal coils and large magnets. There are several advantages that the Maglev system presents to the design, including speed and stability. In this model, trains are lifted from ground level and are functioned on the principle of electromagnetism. According to Sirohiwala, Tandon and Vysetty, two main principles of engineering are exploited by the system, namely; Electromagnetic Suspension which relies on attraction forces as well as Electrodynamic Suspension which uses repulsion forces [10]. A combination of the vacuum and magnetic levitation systems have also been explored and found out to give better results. The benefits of a magnetic system coupled to the vacuum system will deliver not only top speed but also stability in the tunnel transport. According to the research conducted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, non contact bearings that magnetic levitation trains apply facilitate the realization of very high speeds and in conditions such as those present in vacuum train designs [11]. Also, utilization of both systems in a high speed train system facilitates the elimination of frictional force which generally causes wear and tear. This implies that a hybrid system of the two systems could offer more benefits in cost reduction than most other systems. Currently, the design that could be applied for the project heavily borrows from the engineers who postulated a similar design called Channel Tunnel that could run under the English Channel [12]. Suspension design is preferred by engineers, where surface turbulence and the underground uncertainties are handled. Joining of pontoons will be carried out at a distance of about 50 meters below the water surface. To hold the huge pontoons in place, heavy sea anchors will be dipped to the floor of the sea and tethers used to connect the two. By so doing, several challenges will be overcome, including deep sea pressure, surface collision with ships as well as heavy waves. This distance is safe also for possible rescue operation, in case there is an emergency in the tunnel. A cylindrical design has been adopted by the design since cylinders have inherent strength against wave forces, by reducing reactive resistance. The heavy pontoons that house the train are postulated to have a thick casing that is cylindrical in shape. A special vessel will transport the pontoons to the sea and facilitate their submersion as well as connection to the extended tunnel using special fastening screws and adjoining. Tethering will then be done onto an immersed anchor that sits deep into the sea floor. A continued extension of the tube will facilitate the completion of the tunnel from America to Europe. 1.2.4 Alternative Designs Besides the suspension design that is currently advocated for by many engineers, there were two other designs that were postulated for the same. The first postulated tunnel type was in the form of a seabed drilling process that characterized traditional tunnel construction. On an account of the involved difficulties, this proposal was later rejected. These difficulties included the huge depths of the Atlantic Ocean at some points as well as the presence of submarine mountains. In addition, major earthquake prone regions posed a threat to the successful traversing of the tunnel. In earlier versions of the tunnel design, a different approach was envisioned by constructing the transatlantic tunnel on the surface and eventually submerging it into the bottom of the ocean. This design was likewise rejected on intricacies that revolve around hydrodynamics in a huge water body such as the Atlantic Ocean. Pressure of the huge water column possessed by the Atlantic Ocean was identified as a threat to the form of structure to be submerged. It is alleged that the materials proposed for use by the tunnel cannot withstand the huge pressure exerted at the bottom of the sea. Besides, human beings cannot perform the construction functions at the bottom of the sea due to the high pressure. Any rescue operation in case of an emergency would almost certainly be in futility since the destructive nature of the pressure could be hazardous even to the rescue teams. 1.2.5 The Project Several issues are involved in the design of an appropriate system that is able to overcome the challenges expected in the Atlantic Ocean. By making some of the most difficult decisions regarding the safety risks and costs incurred, engineers are determined to deliver a suitable Transatlantic Tunnel. The most disturbing questions that the engineers have had to solve regarding the project touch on the route, source of money, resistance, risks as well as the benefits. This section of the report discusses some of these underlying intricacies that designers have been compelled to solve. 1.2.5.1 Route Several routes were considered for various reasons, but one route is particularly preferred for the same. In order to ensure that the tunnel traverses the huge distance form America to Europe in less than hour, several factors are considered to arrive at the preferred route. Cost and safety are among the most important considerations made by designers. Whereas a straight and direct route could be shorter and economical for the project, safety considerations could prop up due to the earthquake activity along the straight route. The risks involved in the project must be closely quantified to ensure that the massive investment made does not get compromised deep into the actualization [13]. According to Sirohiwala, Tandon and Vysetty, the most applicable route that the project will consider is the route that avoids some challenging geographical conditions in the Atlantic Ocean. Following well researched calculations of distance and appropriate route, engineers have been able to find out the route that passes through Iceland and some parts in south Greenland from London then reach New York from the North Eastern side to be suitable [14]. Despite extra costs being incurred for the drilling of the land sections in the connecting regions in the north, this route design has been able to overcome adverse results likely to be encountered in the deep ocean regions with earthquake activity. Besides, extreme weather conditions found in the northern hemisphere around Iceland and Greenland pose a challenge to the continuity of the project in the regions. However threatening this proposed route appears in terms of extreme temperatures to the north as well as drilling necessity, the corresponding challenges of the alternative route are also considered. In view of the challenges encountered by avoiding this route, earthquakes are much more of a risk when taken in comparison. Unexpected destruction to the system poses as a more serious and potent threat to the project than the former mentioned risks. In addition to destruction, deep ocean pressure factors also cause a huge setback to the implementation of the project. When considered in comparison, drilling and harsh weather factors encountered in the preferred route are less potent costs than what would be needed to counter the high pressure in deep sea. It is projected that the pressure exerted by the water column at deep sea could cause serious trouble to the integrity of the system. The cost likely to be incurred for such materials that can withstand the huge pressure as well as carry out the construction works that deep is very high. Maintenance could consequently be expected to carry a very huge cost element and risk when compared to the drilling procedure. 1.2.5.2 Air Resistance Train transport faces some resistance from the air, just like several other forms of transport. In top speed models, a streamlined front end has been adopted in design to overcome the resistance. The introduction of the vacuum considerably reduces the drag. The design of the tunnel must also be responsive to avoid natural drag designs. Aerodynamic drag is particularly common inside a tunnel than it is outside a tunnel. Aerodynamic drag is experienced accompanied by pressure waves that travel as fast as sound and gets altered as the train gets introduced into the tunnel, changes its velocity as well as when cross-sectional aspects of the tunnel get changed too. Fluctuations in pressure penetrate the train where aural discomfort is experienced by the passengers. Generally, confinement of the environment around the train causes changes in the aerodynamic system of the tunnel. At the thin end of the tunnel, the amount of pressure changes is determined by how long the tunnel and the train are as well as by the entry time taken before a second train enters the tunnel. To determine the amplitudes of the aerodynamic pressure variations involved, speed, nose geometry as well as blockage ratio are used. Bearing in mind that the Transatlantic Tunnel is a very long Tunnel, it is predictable that a maglev system will contribute very large amounts of pressure variations and possible discomfort. Aerodynamic drag is also characterized by the directly proportional relationship it has with power consumption. Air resistance is usually reduced by about eight times with a reduction of velocity by half. This means that the power consumption varies with proportion to speeds cube. In view of the other factors involved in resistance, size and shape of the head with regard to the degree of streamlined nature also determine power consumed. It is therefore a common design across train models proposed for the Transatlantic Tunnel having a streamlined shape. There is a general challenge posed by aerodynamics of a top speed train that uses a tunnel. The flow of the air at the exit of the tunnel is usually at a very high velocity that is about ten times more than the ordinary requirement of a smooth ride [15]. 1.2.5.3 Investment (Funding Parties) Apparently, the issue of funding and the most important partners has not been at a critical and determinative stage. Project enhancement proposals have only been circulating without a mention of how the funds could be secured: However, by the look of the benefits that the two main continents and the entire world stand to gain in case of a successful implementation, funding should be forthcoming. Perhaps what is needed is a strongly convincing organized lobby platform to ensure that stakeholders are brought on board. States incidental to the project are however expected to play a key role in the overall funding requirements of the project. This implies that the US, Canada and Britain have a more direct funding role to make for the project than any other state. Direct benefits expected from the use of the tunnel are likely to compel these states to make the investment in anticipation of the same. However, their willingness and therefore the prospects of the realization of the project will depend on the level of their satisfaction that the engineering work done delivers. It is expected that the investment opportunity that the project avails could attract attention of a regional funding due to the creation of the trading blocks that have characterized continents such as the EU. The EU is largely an economic block that taps into unexplored opportunities on behalf of the member states and such a lucrative project could have direct funding from the block. However, just as individual states would demand the ascertaining of certain project reliability score, the EU could also work on assessments to ensure sustainability of the project. The ball goes back to the engineering field to carry out as much research and development studies as would constitute an irresistible offer for funding during lobbying for funds. Alternatively, private sector investment and funding for the project cannot be left out. With evidence of some major investments being solely undertaken by the private sector, the possibility of contributions into this project cannot be ruled out. Commercial activities that the private sector will anticipate to achieve upon completion of the project will spur interest which is consequently likely to avail funding. Development partners of the involved states are likewise in the list of likely funding source based on commercial benefits that they would obtain from the project. 1.2.5.4 Challenges and Dangers Ocean currents are one of the challenges that the tunnel would have to be prepared to withstand. Across the Atlantic Ocean, very strong current waves exist for instance the Gulf Stream. Structural oscillation design will need to be very strong such that the tethering system adopted will take care of the swaying motion of the storm. Relating the suspended tunnel to suspension bridges, motion occasioned by wind and water has been found out to be catastrophic. Major suspension bridges such as the Tacoma Narrows Bridge have been brought down by strong winds and a similar phenomenon can be expected from strong ocean currents for a suspension tunnel. Suspending the tunnel in water will necessitate the use of deep sea anchors that will ensure firm tethering. Bearing in mind the depth of the ocean occasionally goes to nearly five miles, the possibility of achieving firm tethering into the sea appears evasive or a cumbersome design. Besides the technical requirements that the project will need to facilitate anchorage to such depths, the materials quantity and quality that can facilitate this project are almost unimaginable. In view of the distance and possible design consumption, it is estimated that around one billion metric tons of steel will be needed. In addition, the ocean floor where the tunnel will traverse is almost certain to encounter some region of earthquake vulnerability. In view of the hazardous effects of earthquakes to engineering projects, the inevitable encounter with such factors make the project one of those marred with uncertainty and challenging circumstances. In addition to exposure to earthquake challenges, the geography of the ocean floor through which the tunnel will traverse presents daunting route choice technicalities. Despite there being several options of possible routes that the tunnel can pass, each of the options has its unique set of challenges such as the most economical distance. About 3,000 miles of distance across the ocean stand in the way of the projects success. The long distance from North America to Europe will require consideration of the most applicable route and what point of initiation or termination to design the project. Besides the issue of the route, the project demands a massive construction material that requires the world supply. For instance, from the beginning to the end of the project, available world steel production capacity will be highly beleaguered. Whether the needed materials demand will be estimated and stored in such reserves as would be capable of sustaining the project remains a strategic oper ation challenge. The continuity of the project will face several challenges among which weather will appear to impact heavily. In the recent weather patterns, severe winters have been experienced in Europe and North America and across the Atlantic Ocean. Temperatures way below the freezing point will certainly affect the rate of project progress during winters. Together with the distance complexities, other factors such time will therefore act as an impediment to the projects desire to be expeditious. Estimates of the duration of time needed to complete this project stand at a staggering one century or more. High speed trains designated for the tunnel transport require very high levels of stability. To achieve very high stability as required could pose as a threat since very little breaches could severely damage the system. Most faults in an engineering project depend on the level of stability flaws. Besides the anchor and tether system that the tunnel design adopts, speed inside the tunnel needs to be enhanced for better stability. One of the proposed ways to achieve top speed for the train is through the creation of a vacuum. To achieve a vacuum over a relatively shorter distance has proven to be an uphill task for engineers; how to achieve this over a large distance such as from America to Europe is even unimaginable. How to achieve top speed for stability purposes appears to pose the most potent challenge. 1.2.5.5 Advantages a) Energy Tunnels Maglev systems are environment friendly and highly save on energy due to electrical energy consumption .The system appears to be shielded from the controversial oil energy sources of energy. Usage of nuclear energy will not only save money but spaces utilized for fuel carriage. b) Maintenance Ordinary railway and road transport particularly experience heavy wear and tear costs which are not encountered in maglev systems. Basing maintenance costs on wear and tear occasioned by contact, it will be less expensive to maintain a system where no contact is experienced. c) Speed Among the most striking features of the proposed train model, speed is by far the best. These train models can achieve speeds of up to 500 kilometers per hour. Business will be enhanced between Europe and America to supplement to the sea and air transport systems. d) Weather While compared to several other modes of transport, tunnel train transport tackles unfavorable weather in a dramatic way. Inside the tunnel, weather based hindrances to operations of the train are not expected. Poor weather conditions such as visibility and snow cannot affect the flow of the train at its top speed. e) Cost of Operation Since train transport is generally cheaper when compared to some other modes of transportation, costs of operation are considerably expected to reduce from America to Europe. This is so despite the capital initialization of the project which might be higher than any other project done before. f) Capacity Trains have a higher load capacity than many other modes of transport, including air transport. Achieving a supersonic train model would by far outdo major huge aircraft models such as the Concorde, which is not operational today due to several factors [16]. 1.2.5.6 Disadvantages a) Time. Proposals might be very appealing to the eye but the amount of time required for the completion of the project act as a major hindrance. It is estimated that over at least a century lies between the proposal and the actual implementation of the project. b) Distance To construct and transport materials from the mainland to the construction site may prove to be an onerous task for the engineers. Distance for movement of labor and materials will act in hindrance to the projects implementation. c) Cost Despite the relatively lower cost of production, there is a high certainty that the project will be the highest in history of engineering works. It is estimated that labor, materials and other logistic costs will need more than one financier for the project. According to a similar project study carried out by the Norwegians, cost was the only hindrance [17]. d) Construction Conditions Construction across the large Atlantic Ocean will have to face serious weather challenges including freezing temperatures as well as strong winds and currents. The most appropriate route will have to be chosen to overcome this challenge, which may appear to be expensive. Deep sea construction of the tunnel will be faced with high pressure that demands for specialized machinery instead of human beings. e) Geography As mentioned before, geographic issues will be encountered by the construction of the tunnel, demanding drilling to supplement to the suspended model. Drilling will be necessitated by over-land sections encountered in the cheapest route choice. This will not only affect the pace of construction but also change the design of the train. f) Emergency and Rescue In case of adverse hitches in the operation of the top speed train, it will be impossible to perform a rescue operation. Other transport systems are easily accessible for rescue operations than in sea transport, worst scenario being a submerged system such as a suspension tunnel. g) Risk Uncertainty As it is currently with major civil engineering works, measurement of risk involves several issues, with some having collapsed more than once. Collapsing of such a massive construction could not be ruled out completely, bearing in mind the existence of several hindrances to the system. h) Passenger Comfort Sudden acceleration and deceleration leaves an unpleasant feeling in the body of the passengers. Since the Transatlantic Tunnel is designed on a very high speed platform, sudden acceleration changes will be expected to be an unpleasant experience for the customers, unless more time is allowed to facilitate adaptation of the body. 1.2.6 Project Feasibility Checking is likely to feature the feasibility aspects of the project, technology, economics, law, operation and schedule. Whereas relevant technology is likely to be within reach for such a project, clearly outlined requirements of the project are yet to be prepared. Maybe by the time the project reaches critical stages of implementation, such details will be availed. In the current information and technology age, anything is virtually possible since all the relevant information is within reach [18]. In terms of economics, it can be said that the possibility of the project reaching a successful end is quite remote. Legal frameworks are not a major hindrance since similar projects have taken place but at a lower magnitude. Operational feasibility is likewise uncertain, having several loopholes in the coordination of the research as well as funding intricacies involved. With regard to schedule, the project is unfeasible as it is, since time expected for completion is over a century. Within the span of such duration of time, several options would have propped up making the project obliterated and unnecessary. Efficiency of the project is also uncertain due to the challenges expected ahead. Whether there is a need for such a project is a question that could be argued favorably or not. However, as it currently stands, it is needless to embark on the project. Conclusion Transatlantic Tunnel will remain to be one of the greatest civil engineering ideas of the human history. Despite the challenges that the project presents to engineering designers, it can be done, but at a very high cost. The speed of the train could challenge investors to quicken implementation since the benefits of the project will proportionately flow speedily. No matter how interesting the project seems, time factor and cost act as the major hindrances to its implementation.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Essay

Dr. avul Pakir Jainulabdeen abdul kalam was born on 15th october , 1931 at Dhanushkodi in Rameshwaram district of Tamilnadu. He did his secondary education at schwartz high school in Ramanathapuram ,B. Sc. at St . Josephs college ,Tiruchi and DMIT in Aeronautical Enginerring at the MIT^,Madras (chennai) during 1954 – 57. After passing out as a graduate aeronautical engineer Kalam joined ( Hindustan Aeronautics Limited) Banglore as a trainee , and later joined as a Techincal assistant in the directorate of Technical Development and Production of the Ministry of defence. In1960’s kalam joined the Vikram Sarabhai Space Research center at Thumba in Kerala . he played a major role in developing the first indigenous satellite – launched vehicle . in 1982,he rejoined DRDO as director and conceived the integrated Guided MIssile Development programme (IGMDP) for five indigenous missiles : Nag Prithvi ,Akash, Trishul ,AGNI. Dr. APJ. Abdul kalam has established an advance technology research center called ‘Research Center Imarat’ to undertake development in futuristic missile technology areas . t was perhaps the most satisfying achivenent for Kalam during the missile years. Dr. Kalam has also servd as Principal Scientific Advisdor to the government of india during 25th novenber 1999-10 November 2001. Later , hequit the job and took over the job as distinguished professor at Anna University . on july 25,2002 , Dr . A. P. J Abdul Kalam was sw2orn in as the 12th president of india by chif Justice of India Shri B. N.  Kirpal in central hall of parliment at an impressive function telecaste live across the parliment at an impressive function telecaste live across the country Dr . Kalam took the oath in the name of God as a 21 -gun salute boomed in the background. Dr. Kalam a bachelor is connoisseur of classicalcarnatic music . he plays veena in his leisure. He write poetry in tamil , his mother -tongue . seventeen of him poems were translated into English and published in 1994 as a book entitled â€Å"My journey†. He reads the quran and the Bhagavad Gita with equal devotion . he is also New Millenium , wings of Fire ; An Autobiography and ignited Minds . Dr. kalam is by no means a miracle man . His advice to the youngster of the nation is to â€Å"dream’ dream and convert these into thoughts and later into actions†. people Also to â€Å"think big. we are a nation of a billiuon people and we must thik like a nation of a billion people . only then can we become big. â€Å"

The Effects of Overpopulation in the Philippines

The Philippines needs to deal with a major problem that poses a threat to economic growth. Overpopulation is the root of almost all problems in the Philippines and for the country to progress, it only needs to solve overpopulation and everything else will follow. The problem of overpopulation is one of the factors that causes unemployment. Existing businesses in the country can no longer provide jobs to all the workforce in the country. Jobs are available, however due to lack of educational expertise, which can also be traced from overpopulation, not many people are qualified to handle the available jobs. Even the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry, which is currently booming in the country, cannot provide jobs to all Filipino citizens because not all Filipinos are well-versed in English. Overpopulation will not increase the collection of taxes if the country could not give jobs to its population (cited in Orbeta, Pernia and Sanchez, 1999). The National Statistics Office (NSO) indicates that population would be projected at 90. 4 million in 2008 with a population growth rate of 2. 3 percent annually, one of the highest in Asia. Due to the high unemployment rate, many of the workforce are not qualified as taxpayers which means that budget collection is low. This is considering the number of projects needed to stabilize poverty and other related problems. In short, overpopulation creates unemployment; unemployment creates poverty; and poverty impedes economic growth. If overpopulation could only be solved, the government could allot more of the budget needed for growth and development rather than shelling out huge funds for housing projects, feeding programs and other projects aimed at alleviating poverty. Overpopulation also results in abuse of the country's natural resources. This, in turn leads to different environmental problems. Pollution is also a factor associated with overpopulation. Waste disposal in the Philippines is a worsening problem which threatens the environment. The Environment and Natural Resource Accounting Project (ENRAP) indicated that households were found to be the major contributors to air and water pollution in the Philippines. (cited in Orbeta, Pernia and Indab, 1999) For air pollution in 1992, 64 percent of particular matter, 89 percent of volatile carbon and 90 percent of carbon monoxides come from households while 44 percent of biological oxygen demand, 61 percent of suspended solids and 76 percent of Phosphate contribute to water pollution (cited in Orbeta, Pernia and Indab, 1999). Population growth also affect education and health in such ways that there are close birth-spacing, lower levels of nutrition intake, poor nutritional status, higher infant mortality, smaller per capita health and food expenditures, poorer access to preventive and curative medical care, lower schooling expenditures per child, lower grades for children enrolled in school, lower child intelligence. It was also pointed out that this setup is more evident in families that are below the poverty line (cited in Orbeta, Pernia, Jha and Deolalikar, 1999). The relatively high fertility rate also indicated that it affects education. It was discovered that enrollment rates continued to increase despite rapid population growth and that per capita expenditure showed a decline even if enrollment rates were not affected by population growth (cited in Orbeta, Pernia and Schultz, 1998). These results were then compared using data from the Philippines and simulation results yield that while human capital expenditures rise, the increase does not suffice enough to sustain the level of per capita expenditure which gravely affects the quality of education (cited in Orbeta and Pernia 1999). On the other hand, overpopulation in the country still has a positive outcome. The dollar remittances coming from Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW), the Philippine Peso still trades well versus the US Dollar. One way to solve the problem, the legislative branch of the government must enact a bill that will limit the number of children that a couple may have. China is already doing this but the one-child policy that they are implementing was deemed too harsh. Having a limit of two children would be just enough to maintain the country’s present population. It may even be noted that those people who do no have a good standard of living are the ones that have less children while the well-off families have only one to three number of children. Another way of solving overpopulation is by holding family planning campaigns and disseminating proper information on contraceptives. However, being a Catholic country, the Church stand remains to be an impediment. Due to this, the promotion of such initiative remains to be debated by the Government and the Church for a long time. Addressing the challenges caused by overpopulation remains to be difficult for the Philippine government to address due to the complications and relative problems it gives to individuals and society. The Philippine government must act accordingly to these problems and promote mechanisms to tackle the issue accordingly. In the end, if people and the government will work hand-in-hand to combat the adverse effects of overpopulation, to foster continued growth and development.

Reflective Report On Negotiation - 1539 Words

Negotiations: Reflection Report Negotiations are pivotal in everyday life; however, it is in politics and business where negotiations have the capacity to shape the history and economic future of a society. This reflective report is a citation of one of negotiation simulation I have been part of my organization in recent month. This reflective report will first appraise current learning against personal experience in a multi-party business negotiation. Specifically, I compare and contrast the various emotions, relationships and coalitions formed in day one and day two of the negotiation. The outcome will then be measured for its value and ‘success’ from my perspective as the spokesperson for the employee representation group. To†¦show more content†¦However, the nature of the negotiation, being a simulation, made it difficult to measure the veracity of the anchoring effect since the payoffs (70%, 80%, 90% and 100%) were known fixed variables. The general information provided explicitly stated the MGMT and CONTR conflicting stance on the integrative issue, so neither parties gained valuable information from the first or counter offer. Furthermore, following negotiations could not be made in increments less than 10% so my conjectured capacity to frame and control the negotiation was greatly inhibited. Intra-group conflicts emerged in the last joint conference, consequently evoking apprehension and vulnerability. The CONTR’s outrageous proposal, to accept a supposed $7.00 share price at the expense of all other parties, seemingly appealed to the MGMT. MGMT also hinted thoughts of compromising support for USA based employment in exchange for a longer-term management contract. Cohesion within the coalition quickly deteriorated, and increasing pressure was put on my role to compromise with CONTR for a better joint outcome. 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